Declination of Sufism among Muslims Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Declination of Sufism among Muslims - Essay Example These powers are attributed to them under the guidelines of Quran and Sunnah. The most important aspect is that the disciples of Sufis take up the path of peace or even armed jehad for Shariatisation of the whole world as their mission. "Seekers of Tawhid should strive to dedicate themselves to the Prophet Mohammad, so much so that their entire selves, including their hearts and their spirits, were free of thoughts other than of God" (Saiyied Athar Abbas Rizvi 178). Even though Sufism is popular, history bears witness that several attempts have been made to suppress Sufism. There have been attempts to use even physical force and violence to suppress Sufism. This paper discusses some of the reasons for declination of Sufism among Muslims. The concept of Sufism was mainly intended to focus the mystic power on the spiritual dimension of Islam with the purpose to shield the believers from the superficial and unrealistic dogma of the faith. In other words it can be said that mysticism is a realistic spiritual discipline particularly based on the insight of illuminated seekers of reality or truth. Besides, it can be said that it is a mission of higher religious order of any faith, which disdains conflict and violence in any form. The ultimate goal is joy of self-realization which is generally experienced after a long spiritual practice (Upadhyay n. pag). Ev Even after the popularity of Sufism, there are several instances where the Sufi practices are suppressed using violence. There are several reasons for this and in spite of varied debates and modernist and reformist attempts to separate or dissociate Sufism from Islam. Take for example in orthodox Islam, according to Najaf, the object of creation is the worship of God," This is an association of subordination or in other words - a one-way association in which God is the master and the devotee is the slave. On the other hand Sufis argue opposing the view of orthodox Islam that God should be worshipped not because of the fear that you will be punished if you did not worship, rather God should be worshiped because of the love that an individual feels for God. The main ideology of Sufi is love. As a result, Sufis believe that there exists equality among all people and everyone irrespective of gender or place in the social order is capable of expressing his or her love for God, and that su rpasses religious associations (Dalrymple n. pag). One of the main theme in the ideology and activities of contemporary Sunni Islamist movements is a deep-rooted opposition to Sufism. The reason for suppression of Sufism is the modernist approach to knowledge or disdain of what cannot be scientifically explained led to the dismissal Sufism too. The mutual rivalry between these groups has become prominent in the modern setting of heightened political Islamism. The doctrinal roots of opposition to Sufism are found in the important writings of the 13th-century Hanbali 'alim Taqi al-Din Ahmad ibn Taymiyya (Majmu'a Fatawa Shaykh al-IsIam Ahmad ibn Taymiyya). Besides, Ibn Taymiyya in his quest to purify the Muslim faith strongly opposed Sufi pantheism and such practices as the worship of saints and pilgrimages to their shrines (Makdisi 247-251). In the hands of Muhammad ibn 'Abd al-Wahhab, Ibn Taymiyya's restrictions on Sufism was transformed into a popular disapproval and prohibition of the Sufi orders (Shaykh Muhammad Ibn 'Abd

Why i want to be a nurse and my plan for the future in nursing Essay

Why i want to be a nurse and my plan for the future in nursing - Essay Example Nursing is an extensive professional field. It therefore calls for intensive understanding and acquisition of knowledge on protecting, promoting and optimizing human health and offering care to needy individuals and communities, which the American Nurses Association, ANA (2014) documents as the core function of the profession. As a practicing registered nurse, Empire State College provides the perfect placement because it not only provides the opportunity to acquire such knowledge but also provides the flexibility of enrolling for part-time, online or face-to-face courses. I aim at advancing my nursing skills and have thus set my professional goals at further developing my understanding of nursing practice and critical thinking skills. This is in line with the BSN program mission that promotes the advancement of education among RNs to enable them provide comprehensive and evidence-based nursing care. This course would also pave way for my advancement into leadership position in this career. I appreciate that leadership in nursing is a critical role that calls for endowment with the requisite knowledge to promptly make decisive decisions. BSN would therefore ensure that I am well equipped for this

Joseph Conrad’s The Heart of Darkness Essay Example for Free

Joseph Conrad’s The Heart of Darkness Essay Joseph Conrad’s The Heart of Darkness has foreshadowing that adds a lot of suspense throughout the book. Conrad used foreshadowing through minor details that are not clearly stated and are to be interpreted as the book continues. The setting of the bookon a small sailing craft on a river as night fallsand Marlows comparison, by implication, of the dark heart of Africa (the Belgian Congo) and the barbarian darkness on the northern fringes of the Roman Empire, both are examples of irony and foreshadowing. In the beginning Marlow is remembering what it may have been like to be a young Roman conqueror exploring through the jungle. He would have had to deal with â€Å"†¦cold, fog, tempests, disease, exile, and death† Marlow mentions how the soldier would have had a â€Å"fascination of the abomination† . Later in the book this same fascination overcame Kurtz after his long time in the Congo, â€Å"he hates sometimes the idea of being taken away† . Even when Marlow finds Kurtz, he can’t â€Å"break the spell – the heavy mute spell of the wilderness – that seemed to draw him to its pitiless breast by the awakening of forgotten and brutal instincts† When Marlow begins to share his story about an earlier sea voyage, he shares with his fellow mates a story about how one of their captains was killed because of a fight that arose over two black hens. Fresleven, one of the men in the fight, began to beat a native because of his desire for the hen. The native’s son broke up the fight and â€Å"made a tentative jab with a spear at the white man – and of course it went quite easy between the shoulder blades† . Marlow then takes Fresleven’s job as captain of the ship, stepping into his shoes. Later on in the book when Marlow’s ship is under a light attack, his helmsman was speared through the ribs, causing him to die. Blood filled Marlow’s shoes, and he threw them overboard. This is an example of foreshadowing, because Marlow fills Fresleven’s shoes without realizing the full extent of the job. It also an example of irony, because when Fresleven, a nice white man is killed, nobody was shaken, yet when the savage was speared Marlow was full of regret. Another example of irony is that Africa is constantly being described as a dark and gloomy place in the novel, but the Europeans are the ones that actually have the dark hearts. The Africans only get violent because they want to keep their culture alive, and the Europeans are willing to throw that away as long as they earn a profit. The only reason the Europeans wanted to invade Africa was for commercial benefits, and that is dark Another example of foreshadowing is the two women knitting black wool outside the office Marlow visited before he went on his journey. The color black often appears to Marlow when he is headed for trouble.. The women were sitting outside, drawing in unsuspecting youth ready for adventure, yet unaware of the danger ahead. Later in the book when Marlow is following Kurtz into the dark, dangerous forest, he reflects that â€Å"the knitting old women with the cat obtruded herself upon my memory as a most improper person to be sitting at the other end of such an affair† . Conrad used irony and foreshadowing by describing the different scenes in a very dark tone that when looking back at them after certain events happen in the book show the way that specific narration such ,as the lady’s knitting black wool, links to the events following it.

Transformation: Randle McMurphy & Patients Essay -- Essays Papers

Transformation: Randle McMurphy & Patients He waltzed into the ward and introduced himself to every patient as a gambling man with a zest for women and cards. Randle P. McMurphy, a swaggering, gambling, boisterous redheaded con man, arrived at the ward from the Pendleton Work Farm. He was sentenced to six months at the prison work farm, but pretended to be insane in order to obtain a transfer to the hospital because he thought it would be more comfortable than the work farm. Bromden senses that there was something different about this new patient. After his first experience with the excruciating routine of the Group Meeting, McMurphy tells the patients that Nurse Ratchet is a genuine â€Å"ball-cutter.† The other patients tell him that there is no defying Nurse Ratched because, in their eyes, she is an all-powerful force. True to his nature as a gambling man, McMurphy makes a bet with the other patients that he can make Ratched lose her temper. At first, the confrontation between Ratched and McMurphy provides some humorous entertainment for the other patients. However, McMurphy’s confrontation soon becomes their confrontation as he draws them into the conflict by encouraging their rebellion. The success of his bet hinges on a failed vote to change the television schedule so they can watch the World Series. The Series was on television during the time allotted for cleaning chores. McMurphy and the other patients staged a protest by sitting in front of the blank television in...

A report on measures to reverse the Declining sales output of companiy product

The purpose of this report is to analyze the reasons for the falling demand of the company’s product by consumers; to give explanations of our understanding of the problems and recommend effective intervention strategies that will bring speedy increase in the sale of the products to improve revenue for the company.The scope of the report also covers proferring solutions to organizational lapses, administrative bottlenecks and structural defects that will make our strategic interventions more effective.This report is segmented into three parts: the first part throws light on the poor administrative style and inefficient policies, and how they have helped to undermine harmony in the operations of the various departments, which consequently led to the decline of product sales.How unrealistic staff benefits and remunerative package led to loss of morale and mass resignation of key departmental managers, among other substandard industrial practice that brought untold challenges tha t destabilize the financial fortune of the company.The second part is a detailed illustration of the intervention strategies, new policies, principles and organizational restructuring that shall be used to bring a reversal of the downturn of the company’s fortune. We shall explain how we arrived at such measures, and their efficacy in solving and resolving the many challenges facing the establishment.The third and final part analyses the internal organizational history, the politics of its operations, as well a weak decision making procedures, and how they have contributed to the company’s weakness and present problems. We shall give solutions on how these problems should be addressed, without which no intervention measures will be effective.

Teaching Reading Comprehension Support For Students With Adhd

ADHD and Comprehension Problem Statement There is a general problem in providing effective reading comprehension support for students labeled with ADHD. Despite many programs and modifications in place for students labeled with ADHD to become as successful as their unlabeled peers, recent studies have demonstrated that students labeled with ADHD continuously fall short of their peers in many facets of reading comprehension. This problem has negatively impacted students labeled with ADHD in a multitude of ways during their academic careers which in turn could lead into lifelong difficulties with reading and comprehension. It is imperative for teachers to understand the causes that add to the students’ challenges to appropriately offer remediation. A possible cause of this problem is not having identified which instructional strategies and interventions are most effective when teaching reading comprehension to students labeled with ADHD in the in elementary and middle school grades. A study which investigates the co mprehension deficits of students with ADHD, and identifies the most effective instructional strategies and interventions in reading comprehension for these students may prove to be a step in the right direction could remedy the situation. Quantitative Scenario Research Scenario The researcher will conduct a quantitative study to examine the effects rereading has on elementary and middle school students with ADHD. Research Questions and Hypothesis 1. What isShow MoreRelatedAdhd And Comprehension Strategies For Students With Adhd5462 Words   |  22 Pages ADHD and Comprehension JVT2 Task 2 Jennifer Blake July 19, 2015 A Written Project Presented to the Faculty of the Teachers College of Western Governors University â€Æ' Abstract There is a need to provide effective comprehension support for students labeled with ADHD. ADHD students struggle with comprehension and there is limited research on comprehension strategies for these student. 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The Student Performance Profile indicates and contains information that was gathered during Step 1: Prereferral was initiated. Initial Concern demonstrated by the accurate data that was collected, namely â€Å"Morgan’s inappropriate behavior of self-injury, hitting or biting others, and repeating questions she is asked.† The exhaustive Testing which Morgan underwent reflects that fact that Step 2: Referral was implementedRead MoreEvaluation Of A High School Freshman With Autism Essay1350 Words   |  6 PagesEvery child requires a certain amount of support throughout their educational career. Students have need of support from family and educators alike. However, students with special needs can and often do require a more elaborate team of specialists. The special education team consists of several different people from many different teams. These teams include: the parents; the mental health workers in the school; the mental health workers outside of the school; general education teachers; specialRead MoreThe Diversity Of Multicultural Education972 Words   |  4 Pagesclassrooms across American today are beginning to look the same, raising awareness for teaching that is all-inclusive. Social studies teachers today are facing increasing difficulties with creating curriculums that meet their st ate’s mandated requirements and each individual learner, learning needs. A typical classroom will consist of students that may not speak English as a second language, a mixture of male and female students, and more important, children coming from several different backgrounds, having

The Allegory Of The Double Standard - 1531 Words

Introduction The allegory of the Double Standard Gender roles/ role playing Abuse of feminine creative powers The domestic ideal and symbolism of the bell jar The ironic coming of age and rebirth Color symbolism Manipulation between â€Å"personal experience† and variety forms of â€Å"artifice† Introduction Controversy over women s place in society and feminism has long been lurking as early as the 14th century. American poet and novelist Sylvia Plath is the author of collections of highly acclaimed poems that highlight women’s roles in a culture principally dictated by patriarchal views. Although, she is mostly acknowledged for her novel, The Bell Jar, first published in 1963 under the pseudonym Victoria Lucas. The novel takes place in the 1950s, following the migration of American soldiers back to the states after serving in the World War II. Women during this time were expected to be the stereotypical housewife, viewed by men as being part of the American Dream, along with a house and the opportunity to start a family. They were deliberately forced to return to their domestic roles and capitulate the freedom that was so foreign to them before, however was greatly enjoyable. Esther Greenwood’s character gives prominence to the struggles women encounter, on account of Syl via herself. â€Å"She told another friend that she thought of The Bell Jar ‘as an autobiographical apprentice work which I had to write in order to free myself from the past’, according to LoisShow MoreRelatedIn the short stories in ‘The Bloody Chamber’, Carter is excessively interested in violent instincts’. 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The evil women are highlighted as the women’s race is evil, and the pure women are the exceptions. In the middle of those two areas are the obedient women. Women are expected to fill all of these quotas. The previously mentioned articleRead MoreAnalysis Of The Ones Who Walk Away From Omelas1762 Words   |  8 PagesHas it ever happened to you that you go to the theater with friends, and in the middle of the movie someone exclaims, â€Å"That was n ot in the book!†? When a book comes to life on film, the expectations double: not only must film makers satisfy the demands of the author and other people involved in the creative process of the text, but also they have to please an already established fan base that expects for the movie to do justice to its written counterpart. It is definitely a challenge to meet thoseRead MoreFemale Italian Artists of the Baroque Period2154 Words   |  9 Pagesholding down Holofernes using her body weight while the vengeful deed is being done. 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